University and Further Education free essay sample

University and Further Education The chief post-school establishments of higher instruction are 47 universities ( including the Open University ) , of which 36 are in England, 8 in Scotland, 2 in Northern Ireland and 1 in Wales. British universities are independent, autonomous establishments. Although they receive fiscal support from the province, the Department of Education and Justice has no control over their course of study, scrutinies, assignments of staff, or the manner the money is spent. Admission to universities is by scrutiny ( good consequences in at least 2 topics are necessary ) and interviews. For all English citizens a topographic point at a university brings with it a grant from their local instruction authorization. English Universities greatly differ from each other.They differ in day of the month of foundation, size, history, tradition ( including academic frock, nines, athleticss ) , methods of direction, manner of pupils life. British universities can be divided into 3 groups: 1. Oxford and Cam bridge and some old Scots universities ( e. We will write a custom essay sample on University and Further Education or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page g. St. Andrews, Glasgow, Aberdeen, Edinburgh ) , 2.The red-brick universities ; 3.The newuniversities. Oxford and Cambridge consist of a figure of colleges, most of them for work forces, a few for adult females ( Oxford has 5 adult females s colleges, Cambridge 3 ) . Each college has its name, its coat of weaponries, each ain Maestro who governs it. All colleges have coachs who teach their ain topics, plan the work of the pupils, and are responsible for their advancement. The tutorial system makes Oxford and Cambridge different from other British universities. The normal length of the degree class is 3 old ages, after which the pupils take the Degree of Bachelor of Arts ( B.A. ) or Science ( B.Sc ) . Some classs ( linguistic communications, medical specialty ) may be 1 or 2 old ages longer. The 2nd grade is Master of Arts or Science ( MA. or M.Sc. ) . , so Doctor of Philosophy ( PhD ) . Thymine he Universities founded between 1850 and 1930 are known as redbrick universities. They are called so because of the building material they were made of. The most famous of them are the Universities of London, Bristol, Hull, Leeds, Manchester, Liverpool, Sheffield and others. These universities organize their work in a variety of ways. There are different departments in the university -Arts, Science, Technology, Medicine, Law, Economic and Social Studies, Business Administration, Theology, Music,Education. The new universities were founded after the Second World War. They are sometimes called concrete and glass universities. Among them are the Universities of Sussex, York, East Anglia, Kent and others. Some of them are very popular because of their approach to university courses which helps to prevent overspecialization. During these years the Government set up 30 Polytechnics. They, like universities,offer first and higher degrees. Some of them are full-time or sandwichcourses. Som e of those who decide to leave school at the age of 16 may go to a further education college where they can follow a course in typing, engineering, town planning,cooking, or hair-dressing, full-time or part-time. There are also colleges of art, drama schools, ballet schools, colleges of education. Further education establishments are independent, i.e. fee-charging. They have links with local industry and commerce which they strongly depend on. The Open University is an interesting form of studies. It is intended for people who study in their own free time and attend lectures by watching TV and listening to the radio. They keep in touch with their tutors, attend summers shools. It takes both men and women at the age of 21 and over. The first course began in 1971 and about 150,000 students follow the Open University courses every year. Some 80,000 overseas students study different subjects at British universities or further education colleges.